One of the growing sectors in Communication technology is the Internet of Things (IoT). The annual growth of the IoT market is expected to reach nearly 457 Billion by 2020. And 75 Billion IoT devices will be present by 2025 as per statistics. The demand is getting increasing around the globe; hence it is necessary to maintain the communication protocols to be secure. Thus to secure the protocol, there are many ways to do that. It completely depends upon the network architecture and the communication protocol.
Many top companies are with the leading IoT providers in the industries. The communication level is not only based on the network but we also need to take look around the range of objects. Thus I have listed out the IoT protocols based on the standard level of communication.
The protocol of the Internet of Things has been categorized into two modes: IoT Data Protocols and IoT Network Protocols. These two protocols are depending upon the range and the type of data level. Thus the given protocol is designed based on that.
1. Layer-based attention to Communicate
It is a layer-based protocol known or called to be Advanced Message Queuing Protocol or AMQP. It is basically to communicate data-oriented protocol, designed for the environment based on middleware. This protocol is already get approved by the international standard. AMQP IoT Protocol categorized in 3 necessary components, they are Exchange, Message Queue, and Binding. The first category called message is processed by receiving the messages or data and line up them in queues. It helps to store the data in queue until the data gets developed by the client app. The binding component draws a bridge between the exchange and message queue component.
2. Identification with Distance In-looks
The Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) works under the technology of wireless. To identify the object, it uses the electromagnetic field. The shortest range it operates under field is cm and the longest distance to operate the range is goes up to 200m.
To active, the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), a tag called Active Reader Active (ARAT) has been using. It activates the tag with any signal generates from the active reader. The advantage of using this protocol is that it doesn’t consume any power for the connectivity.
3. Impact of Energy Routes Streams
The EnOcean protocol is meant to design for energy harvesting via wireless technology. It is mostly used in the sector of building automation systems and also streams like transportation, logistics, and certain industries. It depends upon various states such as temperature, lighting, and other patchy situations. It carries the bandwidth of 315 MHZ, 868 MHz, and 902MHz. Even you can access it from the cloud.
4. Wi-Fi is a popular Technology
Wi-Fi is a popular way of a protocol designed to communicate in a faster and compact manner. The data transfer via Wi-Fi devices can control the large quantity of data. The design of infrastructure is maintained user-friendly.
The standard of Wi-Fi for IoT is 802.11ax with the frequency of 2.4GHz and 5GHz bands. The ability to transfer the data has become much faster and it can allow the data speed to travel in hundreds of megabits in one second. The drawback of IoT protocol is the cost of power consumes to travel the data in a network that is based on the protocol that you choose.
5. Thread Helps to Interconnect Node Networks
It is a trending protocol in the industry of IoT. It was designed by the thread group. It is a low-power wireless mesh networking protocol. It has been used for domestic-based applications. This protocol is now busy with many applications. It is designed-based on the IPv6 networking protocol. It builds on the standard of mesh networking and the standard rate is 802.15.4. It connects hundreds of low-power devices via the cloud.
It can withstand 250 nodes along with encryption and authentication. And the frequency it requires is 2.4GHz bandwidth which can control around up to 10-30m.
6. Low-frequency Operation
The protocol that operates for IoT under low frequency called Z-Wave. It can be used from domestic-based applications because the components like the sensors, lamp controllers, etc. operate under low-power Radio Frequency. This low-latency technology has many features such as shielding from wireless technologies as same as Wi-Fi. It functions under the sub-1GHz band.
This protocol has been designed with a simple and faster architect to process. The protocol is easy to operate as it works under the design of Z-Wave. It carries the frequency bandwidth of 900MHz with a range between 30-100m. Even you can access via the cloud. The data carries over 40-100kbit/s.
7. Long-Distance Communication
To utilize the application that is depending upon the range of wider in means of data traveling distance then LoRaWAN or the Long Ranged Wide Area Network is a suitable protocol for the network. It is designed to perform in low power devices as supporting many networks based on this criterion.
It operates under low-level mobile communication. It has been used by many industries to protect the bi-directional communication. The frequency of this protocol varies from distance to distance. The protocol for the Internet of Things is operated under the range of 0.3 to 50 kbps and in the part of urban areas, it uses a distance of 2 km to 5 km and whereas the location of the suburban, places around 15km to operate the data.
Final Words
Many protocols in the market have been designed for the IoT which are based on the user’s requirement. Protocols were selected according to the above data that I have mentioned. This might give some acknowledge about data preference to select based upon your usage. Hence the IoT protocol is based on factors such as bandwidth, range, power consumption, and node of the protocols. I hope the above data about the trending and most widely used protocols of the IoT industry for app development and it helps you to decide the Protocol based on your requirements.
